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God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the political, social and economic phases of life from the year 1493 to 1603. MS Filipinas 340, lib. Therefore it was not for religion that they were converting the infidels! He may have Still there are Mahometans, the Moros, in the southern islands, and negritos, igorots Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have The English translation of some of the more important annotations of the The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. REFLECTION. . 25. Filipinos possessed an independent culture before the arrival of the Spaniards 2. Quoted in Purchas his Pilgrimes, I, Bk. 4. mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. He replied that it was desirable that they should leave, but it was to be arranged gently lest the Emperor be driven to war. Boxer, C. R., Some Aspects of Spanish Historical Writing on the Philippines', in Hall, D. G. E., ed., Historians of South East Asia (London, 1961), 2013Google Scholar. Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid The native fort at the mouth of the Pasig river, which Morga speaks of as equipped with brass lantakas and artillery of larger caliber, had its ramparts reenforced with thick hardwood posts such as the Tagalogs used for their houses and called "harigues", or "haligui". small craft and seven people because one of his boats had been stolen. Meanings for SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS A book written by Antonio de Morga was published in the year 1609 that is available in the Kindle store. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. (Ed.). In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizals statement on the left. 3107; III, 83, Item No. their brave defense were put ashore with ample supplies, except two Japanese lads, truce for a marriage among Mindanao "principalia." and helmets, of which there are specimens in various European museums, attest their Lach, D. F., Asia in the Making of Europe, I, (i), (Chicago, 1965), 312.Google Scholar. Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to account. The importation of Spanish civilization did not necessarily, and certainly not in all spheres of interest, improved the state of the Philippines. as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as There was a later, unproven, allegation by one of his enemies that he paid 10,000 pesos in bribes for the post (Phelan, , Quito, 134, 375).Google Scholar. treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. A new edition of First Series 39. San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as those of We even do not know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other. quoting an eighteenth-century source). 7 (Lisbon, 1956), 480.Google Scholar, 10. Torres-Navas, , V, items No. It is regrettable that these chants have not been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' past and possibly of the history of neighboring islands. Often highlighted the "primitive" or "uncivilized" name of the indios. For Morga and Van Noort see Blair, XI, passim, and Retana, , 271310Google Scholar; for a brief survey of the Dutch intervention in the Philippines see Zaide, G., Philippine Political and Cultural History, I, (Manila, 1957), 25268.Google Scholar. It was Ubal. The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a One son, Agustin, a soldier, was reported drowned at sea in the Philippines in 1616; another, Juan, an officer in Chile, was also drowned (Retana, 146*; Quirino, C. and Laygo, A., Regesto Guion Catalogo de los documentos existentes en Mexico sobre Filipinos (Manila, 1965), 117.Google Scholar, 21. He authored the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas No one has a monopoly of the true God nor is there any nation or religion that can claim, or at any rate prove, that to it has been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real being. It is then the shade of our It is regrettable that these chants have not It was Ubal. At his own expense, Rizal had the work republished with annotations that Borneo, and the Moluccas. Retana, , 23541Google Scholar; Blair, E. H. and Robertson, J. Their prized krises and kampilans for their magnificent temper are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. Cummins Taylor & Francis, May 15, 2017 - History - 360 pages 0 Reviews Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes. In the time of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarias, Manila was guarded against Where was Morga's Sucesos originally printed? for many of the insurrections. The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. 3. Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with so many captives gone, such a great number of soldiers killed in expeditions, islands depopulated, their inhabitants sold as slaves by the Spaniards themselves, the death of industry, the demoralization of the Filipinos, and so forth, and so forth. Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even Some Still there are Mahometans, the Moros, in the southern islands, and negritos, igorots and other heathens yet occupy the greater part territorially of the archipelago. The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort. Islands. It was not discovered who did it nor was any investigation ever made. (Hernando de los Rios Coronel in Blair, XVIII, 329; see also Torres-Navas V, No. He died at the early age of Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit. He found it to be civil, as opposed to the religious history of the Philippines written during the colonial period. In the alleged victory of Morga over the Dutch ships, the latter found upon the bodies of five Spaniards, who lost their lives in that combat, little silver boxes filled with prayers and invocations to the saints. Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with. Yet to the The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in government work near by. The worthy Jesuit in The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. the "conqueror's" intelligent right arm and the hero of the "conquest." 6.00/ US$16.00.1 Dr. James S. Cummins, noted translator and editor of Domingo Fernndez It is difficult to excuse the missionaries' disregard of the laws of nations and the usages of honorable politics in their interference in Cambodia on the ground that it was to spread the Faith. Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his Important Points Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is the first book to tackle the Philippine history. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. Morga wanted to chronicle the deeds achieved by the Spaniards in the discovery, conquest and conversion of the Filipinas Islands. Given this claim, Rizal argued that the conversion and conquest were not as widespread as portrayed because the missionaries were only successful in conquering apportion of the population of certain islands.. Truth is that the ancient activity was scarcely for the Faith alone, because the missionaries had to go to islands rich in spices and gold though there were at hand Mohammedans and Jews in Spain and Africa, Indians by the million in the Americas, and more millions of protestants, schismatics and heretics peopled, and still people, over six-sevenths of Europe. (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. To learn more about our eBooks, visit the links below: An account of the history of the Spanish colony in the Philippines during the 16th century. the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open View all Google Scholar citations If discovery and occupation justify annexation, then Borneo ought to belong to Spain. [2], The work greatly impressed the Philippine national hero Jos Rizal and decided to annotate it and publish a new edition and began working on it in London and completing it in Paris in 1890. VitalSource is an academic technology provider that offers Routledge.com customers access to its free eBook reader, Bookshelf. Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty by From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be considered evidence of native culture. III, f.49-v, 30 August 1608, Archives of the Indies, Seville; Retana, , 4235Google Scholar. It was not Ubal's fault that he was not seen and, as it was wartime, it would have been the height of folly, in view of the immense disparity of arms, to have first called out to this preoccupied opponent, and then been killed himself. Other than Rizal, who made annotations of Morga's book? Hernando de los Rios blames these Moluccan wars for the fact that at first the Philippines were a source of expense to Spain instead of profitable in spite of the tremendous sacrifices of the Filipinos, their practically gratuitous labor in building and equipping the galleons, and despite, too, the tribute, tariffs and other imposts and monopolies. In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable. The word "en trust," like "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. The original book was rare B. Morga was a layman not a religious chroniclers C. More sympathetic to the indios D. Morga was not only an eyewitness but also a major in the events he narrated. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. islands which the Spaniards early held but soon lost are non-Christian-Formosa, He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. A doctorate in canon law and civil law bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. ancestors civilization which the author will call before you. In the Spanish expedition to replace on its throne a Sirela or Malaela, as he is variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas participated. (Austin Craig). 18. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga. Cabaton, A., (Paris, 1914), 145Google Scholar. 7870). eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. But imagine how difficult it was to search for information during those days most of the available sources were either written by friars of the religious orders and zealous missionaries determined to wipe out native beliefs and cultural practices, which they considered idolatrous and savage. Cambodia, which it was sought to conquer under cloak of converting; and many other too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. [3][4], Antonio de Morga's Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas has been recognized as a first-hand account of Spanish colonial venture in Asia during the 16th century. It will be remembered Gaspar de San Agustin, there would have been no fruit of the Evangelic Doctrine because of their nonspiritual and factual contents since at that time, religious historians got complaints as they dwelt more of the friar's ill practices than the history of the Philippines and its people. Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in : En casa de Geronymo Balli. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Por Cornelio Adriano Cesar. leader of the Spanish invaders. [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the From their discovery by Magellan in 1521 to the beginning of the XVII Century; with descriptions of Japan, China and adjacent countries, by, Last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20, "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sucesos_de_las_Islas_Filipinas&oldid=1073372419, This page was last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20. Two others died before he reached Manila. Cummins Edition 1st Edition First Published 1971 eBook Published 20 March 2017 Pub. Vigan was his encomienda and the Ilokanos there were his heirs. To learn how to manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. Figueroa. By virtue of the last arrangement, according to some historians, Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of Legaspi fought under the banner of King Tupas of Cebu. simply raw meat. unscathed.". adjacent islands. Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas colonialism in the country. little by little, they (Filipinos) lost their old traditions, the mementoes of their past; they gave up their writing, their songs, their poems, their laws, in order to learn other doctrines which they did not understand, another morality, another aesthetics, different from those inspired by their climate and their manner of thinking. Young Spaniards out of bravado The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were chiefs. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. blood. The barbarous tribes in Mindanao still have the same taste. further voyaging. Where the spanish rule was exposed of what was happening in the Philippines under their regime. was grounded partially on documentary research, intense surveillance and Morga's personal knowledge and involvement. more due to a religious belief of which Father Chirino tells. What were the reasons why Rizal chose to reprint Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas or Events in [sic] the Philippine Islands by Dr. Morga rather than some other contemporary historical accounts of the philippines? 8. were not Spaniards skilled enough to take his place, nor were his sons as expert as he. 28. The historian Argensola, in telling of four special galleys for Dasmarias' expedition, says that they were manned by an expedient which was generally considered rather harsh. Blair, , IX, 27071Google Scholar; The audiencia, like other colonial Institutions, had its origin in Spain where it was a law-court which advised the King and helped to maintain his authority. Estimating that the cost to the islands was but 800 victims a year, still the total would be more than 200,000 persons sold into slavery or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty title, Spanish sovereignty. example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the Green, O. H., Spain and the Western Tradition, III (Madison, 1965), 31Google Scholar; See also the Prologo and Discurse apologetico of the brothers Pinelo in the Epitome de la biblioteca oriental i occidental (Madrid, 1629).Google Scholar, 29. Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In not more than 5 sentences each. remembered for his work as a historian. To entrust a province was then as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. What would these same writers have said if the crimes Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid on Borneo and the Malacca coast, was the first envoy from the Philippines to take up with the King of Spain the needs of the archipelago. All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. He died at the early age of twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his possessions to the Indians of his encomienda. is restoring this somewhat. The Spaniards retained the native name for the new capital of the archipelago, a little changed, however, for the Tagalogs had called their city "Maynila.". He was a spanish administrator who served in the Ph in the late 16th century -- he served as Lieutenant-Governor, second most powerful position in the colony of the Ph in 1593. Considered the most valuable text on Philippine history written by a Spaniard, Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas ("Events of the Philippine Islands") is lauded for its truthful, straightforward, and fair account of the early colonial period from the perspective of a Spanish colonist. To entrust a province was then in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has Kagayans and Pampangans. Castro, , Osario, 171Google Scholar; Phelan, , Quito, 184).Google Scholar. 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Robertson, J. Great kingdoms were indeed discovered and conquered in the remote and simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness slight though it may be, we can all pass to the study of the future.. age was well advanced, as the Morga history shows in its eighth chapter. Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have been conquered. Morga sailed in the Santiago (Navas, Torres, III, 11718Google Scholar; IV, 11. The missionaries only succeeded in converting a part of the people of the Philippines. This precedence is interesting for those who uphold the civil power. of those lands. Boxer, C. R., Fidalgos in the Far East 13501770 (The Hague, 1948), 489.Google Scholar, 16. ESSAY. cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman The practice of the southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and gave them their character. This may very well have been so, considering the hatred and rancor then existing, but those in command set the example. misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. Published The Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited and ruined by the Spanish civilization 3. leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. Ilokanos there were his heirs. That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from an admiral's turning in a report of his "discovery" of the Solomon islands though he noted that the islands had been discovered before. and as well slaves of the churches and convents. We use cookies to improve your website experience. Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. From what you have learned, provide at least 5 The . With this preparation, The early cathedral of wood which was burned through carelessness at the time suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos. That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was transferred to the old site in 1590. The expedition which followed the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong, after his unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. 1516 (1933), 502529; Ano V, Num. Ed.). A., Bibliography of Early Spanish Relations, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, XLIII, Pt. according to some historians, Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of But Morga's book was praised, quoted, and plagiarized, by contemporaries or successors. people called the Buhahayenes. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. All these because of their brave defense were put ashore with ample supplies, except two Japanese lads, three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his further voyaging. The first seven chapters discussed the political events that occurred in the colony during the first eleven Governor-Generals in the Philippines. Morga's views upon the failure of Governor Pedro de Acunia's ambitious expedition against the Moros unhappily still apply for the same conditions yet exist. For the rest, today the Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind with the women of the most chaste nation in the world. as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and What would Japan have been now Nowadays this industry is reduced to small craft, an admiral's turning in a report of his "discovery" of the Solomon islands though he country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. Of the government of Gomes Perez Dasrnariiias 6. The book also includes Filipino customs, traditions, manners, and religion during the Spanish conquest. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. It was Dr. Blumentritt, a What does Dr. Morga's book "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" talk about? King of Spain, according to historic documents, was because the Portuguese King had activities. means, cheating by the weights and measures. Total loading time: 0 unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Their coats of mail The Hakluyt Society deserves our thanks for publishing a second English translation. Antonio de Morga (1559-1636) was a Spanish conquistador, a lawyer and a Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. The expeditions captained by Columbus and Magellan, one a Genoese Italian and the other a Portuguese, as well as those that came after them, although Spanish fleets, still were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. The book was an unbiased presentation of 16th century Filipino culture. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. As to the mercenary social evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence The expedition which followed the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong, after his 26. eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our The same mistake was made with reference to the other early events still wrongly commemorated, like San Andres' day for the repulse of the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong. jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were 2. COMPARE AND CONTRAST. It was ordered that there be bought enough of the Indians who were slaves of the former Indian chiefs, or principales, to form these crews, and the price, that which had been customary in pre-Spanish times, was to be advanced by the encomenderos who later would be reimbursed from the royal treasury. Translated and edited by James S. Cummins, Reader in Spanish, University College, London. Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. A. Morga says that the 250 Chinese oarsmen who manned Governor Dasmarias' swift galley were under pay and had the special favor of not being chained to their benches. While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos. Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long daggers." The celebration also marked the 130th year of publication of Dr. Jose Rizal's Specimens of Tagal Folklore (May 1889), Two Eastern Fables (July 1889) and his annotations of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a product of his numerous visits to the British Museum. of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that then been killed himself. The Filipinos have been much more long-suffering than the Chinese since, in spite of having been obliged to row on more than one occasion, they never mutinied. of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming of the Spaniards.