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Abstract: Symbiotic microorganisms are omnipresent in nature, ubiquitously associated with animals, plants, fungi, protists, and all other life forms including humans, ranging fro Some of these activities, formerly external to the normal administrative editorial work, may now be automated by the infrastructure, leading to novel control technologies which may also put the editorial role under stronger pressure. If the editor is satisfied with your work, they will choose appropriate peer reviewers to evaluate your work, taking into account several factors including expertise, experience . The event information was further enriched with year of submission, pseudonym of journal, and by (pseudonymized) data about the roles (editor, author, reviewer or none) of the person-IDs with regard to the respective manuscripts. Although editorial management systems have been introduced in the dawn of the current millenium, research about process generated data from these systems within scholarly journals has to the best of our knowledge not been published so far. These different forms of actors can be best perceived as specified roles, describing and demarcating specific types of activity, that is, for instance, making claims (authors), handling and coordinating manuscripts (editors), evaluating claims (reviewers) and deciding about whether to publish a manuscript or not (editors). Again actors assigned editorial roles stand out, because their actions significantly affect actors with other roles assigned. Recent research into platforms (Blmel, 2021) has argued that novel digital infrastructures are considered as agents of change for scholarly practices by incorporating several functions relevant for decision making and quality control. If the editor decides to send the manuscript to peer reviewers, they will contact researchers with relevant expertise. Stage 1: Initial quality check This stage includes checks on authorship, competing interests, ethics approval and plagiarism. These representations on the one hand relate to the effort and the diversity of activities that go into scientific publishing (Taubert, 2016), but on the other hand, differences in the representation of peer review activities may also point to recent tensions in publishing as events indicating oversight or control may be expressions of commercial interest (Horbach and Halffman, 2019, p.12). What does the status 'under editor evaluation' mean? We use the perspective of the infrastructure by studying the recorded events it has created as a result of actions by different actors. Since then the success of peer review in science was unprecedented and can be seen in the various ways peer review has been integrated for the evaluation of scholarly output, with varying expectations as to what it is to accomplish. How long does an editor decision take? This service is available to authors at the time of decision or at a later time. Register for comprehensive research tips and expert advice on English writing, journal publishing, good publication practices, trends in publishing, and a lot more. Nature Microbiology (Nat Microbiol) Empirically, we use digital traces from an editorial management system in order to gain insights into how the digitalized peer review process looks like. If the manuscript has been peer-reviewed, authors should include a note explaining any changes made to the manuscript compared to the original Nature Microbiology submission, along with a separate point-by-point response to the reviewer reports. As acquiring complete inventory data from not fully open peer review is very difficult, we used the hereby presented study to exploit more of the potential of the data. Subscribe and get curated content that will give impetus to your research paper. This procedure is followed by most journals. A closer look at process generated data allows us to explore which elements of the peer review and decision making process in scholarly journals are communicated and shared on a digital infrastructure, how the process of peer review is transformed into countable events and made visible. Digital infrastructures such as editorial management systems allow for processing data about the submission, evaluation and decision of manuscripts in novel ways, taking particularly the velocity, role specificity and consistence of the peer review process into account. The editorial process as depicted in the patent (from: Plotkin (2009)). The EiC may have seen merits in your paper after all (or a fit, if that was the issue). The edge widths show, how many manuscripts experience the respective evolutionary path. The patent shows the components like postulation, consultation and decision as elements relatively clearly, but the component of administration is distributed over the whole process. manuscpt under consideration 40editor decision started~ Because it was sitting in my barn / shop for over 12 years!! An example would be a researcher filling in a form in a web frontend including uploading a manuscript (activity/action), which the infrastructure would be recording as Manuscript submitted by user X (event/stage). They can only choose to participate in it or not. The original ideas and values attached to the system are expressed well by the developers of the technology, who, by aiming at facilitating the process of peer review, defined major entities and activities for administrating manuscripts. The editor and the editorial team decide whether or not to send the manuscript out to review; the corresponding author is contacted with the decision. Innovating Editorial Practices: Academic Publishers at Work, Peer Review: The Current Landscape and Future Trends, Selection Criteria in Professorial Recruiting as Indicators of Institutional Similarity? The main aims of our study are hence the following: By investigating process generated data from a publishers editorial management system, we aim to explore the ways by which the digital infrastructure is used and how it represents the process of peer review. 8600 Rockville Pike According to Star and Bowker, infrastructures are used to enable, maintain and control collaboration among different actors (Star, 1999; Star and Bowker, 2006). I have recently checked the research records (on ORCID, Scopus and Scholar) of Nature editors, I have also conducted web searches to trace their academic background, and I found that the. For example, the event Preliminary Manuscript Data submitted happens for almost all manuscripts, which is why it does not help us to distinguish manuscript lifecycles in a meaningful way. A pre-screening of our data showed that the first round of peer review differs from the subsequent ones. The phase of data collection was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within project 01PQ16003. How long should I wait for a response from the journal? We do this by comparing the model laid out in the patent for the infrastructure (Plotkin, 2009) with the empirical data generated by the infrastructure. January 6, 1705] - April 17, 1790) was an American polymath who was active as a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher, forger and political philosopher. How do I write an inquiry to the editor about my manuscript's current status? On the other hand, it has been argued that editorial management systems support the editorial role and reproduce or may even increase the instruments to regulate, administrate and ultimately control the process (Mendonca, 2017). While we do not have empirical material about the interpretations of the process by the actors themselves, processual data and the sequences of events may at least allow for abductive reasoning about how the editorial role is structured, and, in light of the literature about peer review, transformed, by using the infrastructure. Editor in Chief, Nature. Administrative work at journals then comprises, for instance, the handling and coordination of manuscripts (ibid.). Editors are responsible for making manuscript decisions based upon reviewer reports and their own reading of the manuscript. 117. The latter means to us that while the system itself is hidden from us, we use what we have access to: traces of how the digital infrastructure is used. APA has partnered with LetPub to provide a full suite of author services. Editorial management systems are digital infrastructures processing the submission, evaluation and administration of scholarly articles. For this purpose, we use network analysis: the vertices represent the stages and a (directed) edge is drawn from one stage to another when it is directly following in one items history. The analysis may also provide first insights to what extent the events recorded are automatically generated. Read Editage Insights in your favorite RSS Reader. (Manuscript under submission->Manuscript received)->Editor assigned->Manuscript under consideration->Editor Decision StartedDecision sent to author->Waiting for revision, ->Revision receivedManuscript #A1Manuscript under submission->Manuscript received->Editor assigned->Manuscript under consideration->Editor Decision Started, . If it goes for review, then it will be about a month before you get the comments. We store the data in our institute for 10years according to the Guidelines for Safeguarding Good Research Practice (DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3923602) by the German Research Association (DFG). The production process after acceptance, however, was very annoying and involved a lot of back and forth with Nature's production team, which also caused a rather long delay between acceptance and publication. Drawing from the theoretical considerations explained above, we first present results regarding the different roles which the editorial management system supports and enables in order to understand how the governance of the process is represented and performed by the editorial management system. Decisions are reversed on appeal only if the editors are convinced that the original decision was an error. Some authors claim transformative changes would be at play for practices of editors handling manuscripts: Taubert (2012) for instance has stated that journal editorial management systems standardise the peer review process and constrain the degrees of freedom for editors. It has been stated that such infrastructures are also a source for negotiating innovations in peer review, as the system plays a major role in connecting and coordinating the various editorial practices (Horbach and Halffman, 2020, p.11). When the process is finished, the manuscript lies dormant in the database. The description of the variables was mainly derived from the field names, their values and the xml-structure in the raw data and is given in Table 1. After the decision, four things can happen, but empirically, the four decisions can be divided into two groups (see Figure 6). Different to what may be expected by critical observers of digital platforms (Gillespie, 2015), editorial management systems do not always result in imposing pre-packaged models on scholarly publishing. Does "Under Review" mean that the paper has passed the editorial check? In the last 15years, novel digital infrastructures of different forms and shapes have been established, aiming at supporting communication, dissemination and evaluation of scientific research (Van Noorden, 2014; Taubert, 2016; Blmel, 2021). In the next section, we introduce the theoretical framework and main perspectives. Therefore we deleted the first nine passage points (including source and target). Also, the initial quality control of manuscripts, indicated by the events Initial QC Started (N = 14,499), Initial QC Complete (14,288) and Initial QC Failed (N = 418) referring to the submission (where QC stands for quality control and the relation of failed versus complete initial quality controls shows that this event is mostly independent from the decision category), can be attributed to that category, because it potentially would also allow for detecting structural problems in the quality of submissions, thereby informing the controlling of the process. But instead, decision making and communication at the concrete journals under investigation clearly remain in the human domain. A Comparison of German Universities and Universities of Applied Sciences, Krger A. K., Hesselmann F., Hartstein J. The reviewers further triggered Review Received (N = 8,672), First Referee Accepted (N = 2,766) and Review Complete (N = 3,222), the latter indicating that a consultation event has actually taken place. This is known as a rescinding. All authors listed have made a substantial, direct, and intellectual contribution to the work and approved it for publication. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Furthermore, the editor is described as optional in the patent: The publishing organization can, optionally, assign an editor, monitoring editor, or associate editor to oversee the review process [] and make the final publishing approval decision. (Plotkin, 2009, p.4), but also the patent is open to an automated decision making. Assistant Editor MDPI minor revisions5major revisions1030 But in June 2022, the journal was removed from SCI indexing, what can i do, so much of work in it with two revsions taking more than a year,what can be done, Why is a PhD essential to become a peer-reviewer. What does the status 'Decision started' mean? unfortunately, the editor dont respond about reject and accept. At the same time, expectations that a stronger use of digital infrastructures would inevitably push forward innovations in peer review may be disappointed. The disintegrated network consisted of eleven isolated components, of which 10 were consisting of three vertices or less and one component with 22 vertices, containing the decisions (see Supplementary Material). Reviewers are notidentified to the authors, except at the request of the reviewer. More information about the manuscript transfer service can be found here. These organizational and administrative practices may not always be related to epistemic values, yet they are an important part of scholarly knowledge production as scholarly journals are important sites for community building, safeguarding scientific quality and expectations to science in general. Duration from Submission to 1 st Editorial Decision 50.2 days The average number of days from manuscript submission to the initial editorial decision on the article. In light of their advice, I am delighted to say that we can in principle offer to publish it in Nature, provided that you revise the paper to address a number of further editorial points. Hereinafter, to demarcate different perspectives, we speak of actions or activities, when we refer to what is done, and we talk about events or stages, when we refer to what is recorded in the infrastructure and found in the data traces. The status 'Decision started' indicates that the peer review process for your manuscript is complete and the paper is now with the editor. However, in contrast to the patent for the editorial process, where steps have a clear order, the infrastructure seems to allow for an open process: in principle, almost any event could follow any other, which leaves the responsibility for the process in the domain of the actors. The biggest share 112,475 out of all 278,098 events filed in the database were triggered by editors, or, to be more precise, by actors assigned an editorial role for the respective manuscripts in the system. German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies (DZHW), Berlin, Germany, 2 Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The first possibility is the short decision path from "Manuscript Consultation Started" directly to "Editor Decision Complete". However, we decided to restrict our analysis of the sequence of stages to the 14,391 first-version manuscripts with 206,896 events to avoid obfuscation of the prototypical process by manuscript versions with a past. 2 wormified 4 yr. ago A month sounds optimistic to me :-) 2 [deleted] 4 yr. ago [removed] riricide 4 yr. ago Sometimes, it is mentioned, who is involved in the said actions, but sometimes not. Your revised manuscript should be submitted using the link provided in the decision email, and not as a new manuscript. We also thank the editor and the two reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions. Apparently, appeal plays a minor role with Waiting for Appeal (N = 355), Appeal Received (N = 358) and Appeal Request Accepted (N = 355), but with overall low numbers.