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New best practices and lessons learned become available on an ongoing basis, so these plans should be updated regularly. Common Household Oxidizers 1 Nitrates. Which is correct poinsettia or poinsettia? Common household items such as cleaners, detergent, auto supplies and paint may contain dangerous chemicals. Class 2 Oxidizers: increase the burning rate of combustible materials moderately with which they come in contact. Most disinfectant cleaners are very irritating to your eyes and skin and will burn your throat. Nickel: NiO is another active metal oxide used for various catalytic applications including the oxidation of VOCs. Peroxides are important in the production of types of polymers, i.e., in the making of certain plastics. The nature of this highly reactive home chemical means that chlorine should be stored safely away from other chemicals that could potentially cause a reaction. Use caution, as peroxide-based explosives are extremely sensitive to heat, shock and friction. The most common oxidizing agents are halogenssuch as fluorine (F2), chlorine (Cl2), and bromine (Br2)and certain oxy anions, such as the permanganate. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Many others have been tested and used. The chemicals in repellents may cause a burning sensation to eyes, skin and throat. Furniture polish. Contact Us | What is the formula for calculating solute potential? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Check the SDS for incompatibilities when storing pyrophorics. cause an increase in the oxidation state of the substance by making it lose electrons. If swallowed, they can burn the throat. Chlorine is a yellowish green gas compound that has stinging smell and poisonous when there is direct contact with our body. Nitrates are used in the preparation of corned beef, pastrami, and sausages, so this compound can usually be found in the kitchens of those who prepare and cook their own smoked and preserved meats. Oxidizers can be stored outside as well as inside, as long as storage does not degrade the quality of the product. . ANTIFREEZE. Cleaners with mold and mildew removers may cause breathing problems and if swallowed, can burn your throat. Compounds made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Skin exposure can result in dangerous burns, but dermatitis (i.e. Limestone is common in home decor for worktops and floors. Other common fuels such as nitro-methane and aluminum powder can be used. Ingestion can result in drowsiness, unconsciousness and death. The 2013 ammonium nitrate explosion at the West Fertilizer Company storage and distribution facility in the town of West, Texas, killed 15, injured approximately 200, obliterated the plant, and damaged or destroyed 150 nearby homes, including a middle school and nursing home. The common pesticides in weed killers are diquat, 2,4-D, and glyphosate. Oxidizing chemicals are chemicals that act as oxidizing agents in a reaction. MORE ABOUT >. Sodium percarbonate is a powder that releases oxygen when dissolved in water. Oxidizers have a wide variety of applications including cleaners and disinfectants, agricultural fertilizers, rocket propellant and fuel, and explosives. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011. Oxidizers pose the greatest risk during fires so it is important to first understand that a fire is a chemical reaction that cannot be sustained without three elements; heat, fuel and oxygen. 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |, Important Updates + Notice of Vendor Data Event. Common oxidizers include hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrate and nitrite compounds, perchloric acid and perchlorate compounds, and Hypochlorite . Common Oxidizers Properties, uses and their Primary Hazards Name of Student University Date Common Oxidizers Prop. In one sense, an oxidizing agent is a chemical species that undergoes a chemical reaction in which it gains one or more electrons. 3 Swimming Pool Chemicals. In detergents the oxidizing agents are typically compounds such as bleach (sodium hypochlorite), bleach precursors that release bleach in solution (Dichlor), peroxide (hydrogen peroxide), or peroxide precursors that release peroxide in solution (sodium percarbonate). Safety is paramount for responders at these types of events. When working with, or storing, oxidizers it important to keep them away from all combustible materials including paper, wood, flammable and combustible chemicals, grease, waxes, cloth and plastics that are sources of fuel. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". What are these every day household chemicals? This is represented by the commonly used fire safety triangle ( Fig. Another nitrate, potassium nitrate, is used to produce fertilizers, but also rocket propellants, fireworks, and gunpowder. Description. IEDs can consist of anything from homemade pipe bombs to sophisticated military ordnance; however, emergency responders are more likely to encounter IEDs and homemade explosives than military weapons in day-to-day responses. Swimming pool chemicals are some of the most-reactive oxidizers that can be found around the home. TATP and HMTD are dangerous to make and handle because they are very unstable. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]: IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Ethylene glycol, the main hazardous ingredient of antifreeze, is extremely poisonous. Common chemicals in windshield washer fluid are methanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropanol. Common chemical examples: ethanol, methanol, acetone, xylene, toluene, TEMED; diethyl ether and . Therefore, if you want to get these chemicals materials purely, you have to go through several processes that start from the electrolysis process or by oxidizing the halide compound (X-). Chlorine is three times heavier than air. Examples of Common Laboratory Chemicals and their Hazard Class. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The basic ingredients of window/glass cleaners are ammonia and isopropanol. Drain cleaners can be fatal if swallowed. As a result of updated OSHA chemical labeling requirements, 2016 marks the first full year of adoption of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) in the U.S. When other thermal oxidation units won't get the job done . All-purpose cleaners. Oxidizers can have other associated hazards, such as corrosive or toxic (e.g., nitric acid, sodium nitrite). Fluorine Fluorine is a compound of VIIA group that usually referred to as halogen group. Keep in mind that most household cleaning products and pesticides are reasonably safe when used as directed, and that the level of toxicity of a product is dependent on the dose of the product used (never use more than the amount listed on the label) and the length of exposure to the product. Never mix a toilet bowl cleaner with any other household or cleaning products. Thermal instability, with an inclination for self-accelerating decomposition, peroxides are sensitive to impact or friction and are highly reactive with other substances. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Amino acids. 3. Some common oxidizers: Air Chlorine Fluorine Nitric Oxide Nitrogen Dioxide Oxygen Inert gases Inert gases do not take part in combustion processes and they do not react with other materials. Here is a list of common oxidizers: Aluminum nitrate. Oxidizers: Inorganic Nitrates, Nitrites, Permanganates, Chlorates, Perchlorates, Iodates, Periodates, Persulfates, Chromates, Hypochlorites, Peroxides . Sulfur dioxide, occurs in volcanic gases Figure 8.5.1 and in the atmosphere near industrial plants that burn fuel containing sulfur compounds. Windshield washer fluid. 419 0 obj <>stream Common oxidizers include nitrates, hydrogen peroxide, swimming pool chemicals, nitric acid, etc. Oxidizers are chemical compounds that release oxygen when they react with another substance. Alkaline waves. It can cause severe tissue damage and may be fatal if swallowed. These chemicals are thought to cause cancer and brain damage. Hydrogen peroxide - often one of the best choices for an oxidizing agent in the lab Potassium dichromate - be careful as the Cr +6 ion is carcinogenic Sodium or calcium hypochlorite - very strong oxidizing agent that can react violently with organic material Nitric acid - excellent oxidizing agent, but often releases toxic nitrogen dioxide . You can contact us directly or complete our detailed online quote request form. Oxidising agents are compounds that are efficient at removing electrons from other compounds in chemical reactions (so are very easily reduced). Remove all combustibles, flammables, organic materials, finely divided metals, reducing agents, and other incompatible substances (listed in the SDS) from the work area. If you find yourself near a suspicious material or item, take these steps: Call out to other response personnel to stop moving, Stop and look around for any other devices or suspicious items, Do not operate light, power or electrical switches, Keep other responders from coming over to look or take photos, Do not approach or handle the suspected device/materials once it is identified as a risk, Move out of the area the same way you entered by retracing your steps, Conduct personal accountability outside the danger area, Establish zones of control (hot, warm, cold), Establish a command post and unified command, Shield yourself, other responders and the public, Call for a local or state bomb squad or hazardous device unit, Notify other proper authorities, depending on the jurisdiction and situation, https://www.linkedin.com/company/firehouse-magazine, 30 Years Later: Remembering the 1993 WTC Bombing, IL Worker Killed When Water Fills Underground Vault, AK Crews Rescue Person from Collapsed Building, Green Mountain Falls/Chipita Park Fire Department/Facebook, CO Firefighters Make 'Tricky' Rescue at Pikes Peak. In the process of making, Fluorine can not be obtained by oxidizing the halide compound, but through the electrolysis process, shown as follows. Oxidizers should be stored in a cool and dry location. Nitrates, specifically sodium nitrates, are used in the curing of meats and in sausage-making. Agitate with fingernails or brush to activate. The purpose of this research project, was to subject solid oxidizers from NFPA 400 Hazardous Materials, Annex G.3 Typical Oxidizers to the bench-scale solid oxidizer test method recently added to the Annex of NFPA 400 to determine if the listed Class assignment is consistent with the established burning rate criteria. hWmo8+jUn'o{w]VB|H!WB.f&Nn/hp#b5Lei31Diy|XI5(Q2%"qL)x5l} ?t~X0T+>7QO[y3g-^,g|\H7%|x_/`~GiKL"ku`h Y?@]Y>='*]G7{!,i NxlaY2/?K+X%;fE)OOw3)1`kFK:[}:X*TUR5Yzx>S%y}K/X'+bMx`|T&l>JbE-3&E^xw`j;'QFg::lStQRT*15NfP_Dq(OCH #. Common chemical oxidizing agents Iodine or commonly also called iodine is a non-metallic compound that is abundant in air, soil, and water, especially sea water. Some weed killers can irritate the eyes and skin. oxidizers will vary depending on the oxidizer and its concentration. Chlorine keeps pools healthy, but can also be dangerous. Dark purple permanganate ion is another very common oxidizing agent (seen below). The pesticides commonly used in antibacterial cleaners are quaternary ammonium or phenolic chemicals. The design of an incineration system is dependent on the pollutant concentration in the waste gas . n Segregate oxidizers so they are unlikely to mix with incompatible materials, such as some other oxidizers, paints, oils, and other hydrocarbons, ordinary combustibles, and sawdust or floor-sweeping compounds. These percentages are the amount of the chemical in the liquid; the rest of the liquid is mostly water. A responder who comes across a suspicious material or item during routine activities or tactical operations should immediately inform all personnel and leave the area. Exposure to organic peroxides can cause a burning eye, skin, and respiratory irritation as well as nausea and dizziness. The main ingredient in automatic and hand dishwashing detergents is phosphate. Oxidation-reduction potential, or ORP, is a measure of the oxidizing capacity in water or, more simply put, the cleanliness of the water and its ability to break down contaminants. Due to that characteristic of halogen group, Fluorine is a compound with the strongest oxidizing characteristic among other compounds in the VIIA group. Copyright 2023 Wisdom-Advices | All rights reserved. Bleach. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Different classes of oxidizers have different levels of reactions, and several typesusually Class 1 oxidizers, the most benign kindcan be commonly found in the home. Spill This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. With the exception of oxygen, oxidizing . %PDF-1.5 % The same is true of the AN precursors ammonium hydroxide and nitric acid. Their disposal is highly regulated by federal and state agencies. +4 -2 +1 +6-2 +1-1 +2 +6 -2 +1 +6 -2 +1 -2 0, Reduction: MnO2 MnSO4 (MnO2 as an oxidizing agent) Mothballs. Drain cleaners. Here is a list of common oxidizers: Aluminum nitrate. Collect data across the emissions control process and use predictive analysis to measure media bed pressure drops and . If not properly stored or used, these products could cause minor to serious and even life-threatening health problems for you or your children. Hand dishwashing detergents are milder than automatic dishwashing detergents. Responders and special teams must also be able to recognize the potential danger of booby traps and take appropriate measures to ensure their own safety and the safety of others. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Most types of burning on Earth use oxygen, which is prevalent in the atmosphere. The various impacts will be discussed one by one down below: Thus explanation of common chemical oxidizing agents. Oxidizers are a severe fire hazard. Peroxide-based explosives such as triacetonetriperoxide (TATP), hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) are a growing concern. Home Chemicals 4 Common Chemical Oxidizing Agents Examples and Impacts. Common oxidizing agents are oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and the halogens. Potassium nitrate. Insect repellents. (D) Chlorine. Oxidizers are chemical compounds that release oxygen when they react with another substance. These guidelines and procedures should not replace common sense and experience. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Oxidizing agent - Wikipedia 2 Sponsored by The Penny Hoarder These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. &Ad~HeA~@bzj@ " Strong oxidizers are capable of forming explosive mixtures when mixed with combustible, organic or easily oxidized materials. The Common Oxidizers. However, by yielding oxygen, they can cause or contribute to the combustion of another material. Circumstances like these are common across many . What are the most common oxidizers in a fire? Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Eyes are much more sensitive to exposure. The most common reducing agents are metals, for they tend to lose electrons in their reactions with nonmetals. Pages in category "Rocket oxidizers" The following 18 pages are in this category, out of 18 total. The pesticide commonly found in baits is known as warfarin. Salt has long been used as a preservation ingredient in a variety of foods, and sodium nitrate is the active compound in salt that's responsible for preventing the growth of bacteria and preserving the healthy state of meat and some vegetables. High levels of formaldehyde can give you a headache and irritate your eyes, nose and throat. Isolation and Evacuation. The chemicals also may cause anxiety, behavioral changes, mental confusion and a loss of coordination. 1 What are the most common oxidizers in a fire? The health hazard with oxidizing gases is inhalation. Hazardous Waste Materials Guide: Oxidizers, hazardous waste disposal and management companies. OSHA defines a corrosive as "a chemical that causes visible destruction of, or irreversible alterations in living tissue by chemical action at the site of contact.". Household bleach contains the chemical sodium hypochlorite in different concentrations ranging from 0.7 percent to 5.25 percent. Class 4: Oxidizers that will cause a severe increase in the burning rate of the combustible. Methods of explosives attacks are described in al-Qaeda and jihad training manuals and videos. This carpet cleaner comes with a built-in fabric safe brush to help you remove stains and eliminate odors from fabrics carpets and upholstery. Cationic detergents are the most toxic when taken internally. Nitrates, chlorates, peroxides, permanganates, and perchlorates are all common oxidizers. Some explosive labs do not need to heat or cook any materials, so they may lack the glassware, tubing, Bunsen burners, chemical bottles and other paraphernalia traditionally associated with the term laboratory. Oxidizing materials are liquids or solids that readily give off oxygen or other oxidizing substances (such as bromine, chlorine, or fluorine). ammonia, hydrogen chloride) cause severe nose and throat irritation, while . Dermatitis may result from direct skin contact. Common Household Oxidizers. Then rinse clean. Author: Elizabeth C. Buc, Ph.D., PE, Fire and Materials Research Laboratory, LLC; Fire and Materials Research Laboratory, LLC Livonia, MI Cobalt: Co3O4 is one of the most active low-cost metal oxides, which has been used to treat Acetylene, Propylene, 1,2-Dichloroethane, Ethyl acetate, and propane. The first, Class 5.1 oxidizers, are those materials that, by yielding oxygen, provide a catalyst to set another object on fire through a combustion reaction. Ingestion can cause esophageal injury, stomach irritation and prolonged nausea and vomiting. Which is the most reactive oxidizer in the home? Some hazardous materials are determined by the US DOT to pose too great a risk for some modes of transportation: passenger air/rail or cargo air; and others are banned from transportation in commerce altogether, these are the Forbidden Materials. When applied to surfaces, like skin, it halts the growth of bacteria and other organisms. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) Hydrogen peroxide is a colorless liquid that is the simplest peroxide (a compound with an oxygen-oxygen bond). Nitric acid is an ingredient used in producing ammonium nitrate for use in producing fertilizers, dyes, explosives such as nitroglycerin and TNT, and certain plastics. It does not store any personal data. 11.1.2012 . This is an oxidizing agent, which causes a reaction to form another chemical compound. If an IED incident or explosives lab incident occurs in the United States, trained and educated responders can help lessen the impact with a safe and effective response. Latex paint. They are potentially very unstable and could be used for criminal purposes and terrorist purposes. How many types of fertilizer are there in the world? Ozone and hydrogen peroxide are more natural oxidizers that are gaining in popularity. It is used as a strong oxidizer, bleaching agent and disinfectant. Anode: 2F- F2 + 2e. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide is used to make polyester and acrylic resins, and also as a catalyst to turn polyester into fiberglass and castings or as a hardening agent for fiberglass-reinforced plastic products. They also are strong irritants to eyes, skin, and throat. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Hunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. Brass and other metal polishes contain powerful oxidizers. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The insecticides commonly found in insect baits include abarmectin, propoxur, trichlorfon, sulfluramid, chlorpyrifos, and boric acid. Based on your threat, if you think something does not belong in your area, consider it suspicious. A Maximize Distance B Minimize Exposure Time C Maximize Shielding 1 REM (ROENTGEN EQUIVALENT MAN) 1/1,000 REM = 1 MILLIREM (MREM) IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE THREAT GUIDE: OXIDIZERS WHEN COMBINED, FUELS AND OXIDIZERS CREATE EXPLOSIVES 1 CHLORATE AND PEROXIDES CAN PRODUCE VERY DANGEROUS EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES. Store pyrophoric material away from heat/flames, oxidizers, water sources, and normal oxygen atmosphere environments if outside of the manufacturer provided container. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other inorganic peroxides, Fentons reagent. Information on the construction and deployment of homemade explosives is readily available to the public. The fumes given off by these products can cause cancer and liver damage and have been known to cause dizziness, sleepiness, nausea, loss of appetite, and disorientation. Chapter 195. Class 5.1 Oxidizing substances are not necessarily combustible themselves. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Examples of oxidizing agents include halogens, potassium nitrate, and nitric acid. The oxidizing class of chemicals includes nitrates, along with chlorates, peroxides, permanganates, and perchlorates. Common oxidizers include nitrates, hydrogen peroxide, swimming pool chemicals, nitric acid, etc. Diesel and other fuels are available at gas stations, heating and appliance stores, hardware stores, farming supply stores and outlets that sell gas- or diesel-powered boats. Atoms, ions, and molecules that have an unusually large affinity for electrons tend to be good oxidizing agents. Recipes for making nitroglycerin, mercury fulminate, blasting gelatin, dynamite, TNT, tetryl, picric acid, black powder and smokeless powder are found online and in printed sources. Bromine is a dark red colored halogen group member that is corrosive when in the form of a solution. Called Class5 Hazardous Wastes per the Department of Transportation (DOT), it's a category divided into two subsets: Class 5.1 oxidizers are materials, which by yielding oxygen, can cause or enhance the combustion of other materials. h26P0Pw/+Q0L)60)Ic0i Individuals with little or no chemistry background can attempt to produce these materials. The form of hydrogen peroxide used in the home is safe and noncombustible, while the form used on a larger scale for industrial and commercial cleaning and purification is highly reactive. Nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrate compounds. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, shortness of breath, etc. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. There are six different types of fertilizers that are mentioned below: Inorganic fertilizers are chemical fertilizers that contain nutrient elements for the growth of crops made by chemical means. Household hydrogen peroxide is considered a safe oxidizer. Careful evaluation of the microbial species in the cooling water is necessary to determine the most effective biocides . ANFO was used during the 1995 terrorist attack on the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, OK, and the 2011 terrorist attack with a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (VBIED) in Oslo, Norway. Concentrated solutions can damage cotton and other natural fibers. Detergents are also responsible for many household poisonings from accidental swallowing. It is a reducing agent as addition of hydrogen is called reduction. Thus, common oxidizers are those substances that oxidize other substances and, through such a reaction, pose a severe fire hazard. The most effective defense is to be aware of your surroundings. Common oxidizers include Hydrogen peroxide, Nitric acid, Nitrate and Nitrite compounds, Perchloric acid and Perchlorate compounds, and Hypochlorite compounds, such as household bleach. You can have up to two control areas, possibly more, but each control area has restrictions. Chlorine contains compounds called hypochlorites and dichlorocyanurates; these are the active ingredients that make chlorine an effective sanitizer. Common oxidizing liquids and solids include: Download the free OSH Answers app. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. However, a lab established to make explosive chemical mixtures may look more like a traditional industrial or university chemistry lab; those used to make TATP, HMTD or other peroxide-based explosives may look much like meth or drug labs. There are numerous "all-purpose" cleaning products on the market. Structure Fires in Office Properties, U.S. Under the DOT hazard class system, corrosives are listed as hazard class 8. They utilize a planet-friendly formula that actually works. Finding these items in conjunction with components that can be used to make IEDs pipes, activation devices, propane containers and the like would give even more evidence of an explosives lab. Terms of Use Question: Can I store flammable and corrosive chemicals in the same storage cabinet? Nitric acid is an oxidizing household chemical that is a powerful cleaner often found in metal polishes and cleaners. Keep containers closed and ensure that manufacturer's labels and warnings remain intact. Common oxidizers include hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, nitrites, and bromates. An oxidizer is anything that can start and support a fire through oxidation. 7 What are the different types of inorganic fertilizers? Class-5 oxidizers meet all EPA cradle-to-grave requirements for the generation, transportation, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. Air fresheners contain formaldehyde, petroleum distillates, p-dichlorobenzene and aerosol propellants. Breathing the fumes from mothballs may cause headaches and dizziness and may irritate the skin, eyes, and throat. These products usually contain detergents, grease-cutting agents, solvents and/or disinfectants. Fuel oil number 2, or diesel fuel, is the most popular fuel oil used in the synthesis of ANFO. Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 05/24/2018. 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